CRIMES

Arson- the malicious burning or exploding of the dwelling house of another, or the burning of a building within the curtilage, the immediate surrounding space, of the dwelling of another.

Assault- A crime that occurs when one person tries to physically harm another in a way that makes the person under attack feel immediately threatened. Actual physical contact is not necessary; threatening gestures that would alarm any reasonable person can constitute an assault.

Battery- an intentional unpermitted act causing harmful or offensive contact with the "person" of another.

Blackmail/extortion- a threat for purposes of compelling a person to do an act against his or her will, or for purposes of taking the person's money or property.


Bribery- The offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting of something of value for the purpose of influencing the action of an official in the discharge of his or her public or legal duties.

Burglary- breaking into and entering a property with the intention to commit a felony

Conspiracy- An agreement between two or more persons to commit a crime or accomplish a legal purpose through illegal action (and in most jurisdictions, at least one act in furtherance of the agreement)

Forgery- The creation of a false written document or alteration of a genuine one, with the intent to defraud.

Fraud- A false representation of a matter of fact—whether by words or by conduct, by false or misleading allegations, or by concealment of what should have been disclosed—that deceives and is intended to deceive another so that the individual will act upon it to her or his legal injury.

Kidnapping- forceful abduction of a human being with the intention to hold them for ransom, or seize them away for an illegal purpose

Mayhem (aggravated assault)- the criminal act of disabling, disfiguring, or cutting off or making useless one of the members (leg, arm, hand, foot, eye) of another either intentionally or in a fight, called maiming.

Perjury- a willfully false statement during a judicial proceeding, after taking an oath to speak the truth.

Rape- unlawful non-consensual sexual intercourse

Robbery- the taking and carrying away of property of another by force or fear with the intent to permanently deprive the owner of the property.

Theft/larceny- dishonest appropriation of property with the intention of permanently depriving the other of it




HOMICIDE
Murder (1 & 2) is an unlawful killing of a human being, with malice aforethought(PREMEDITATION), the death following within a year and a day.
Manslaughter is a criminal homicide without malice aforethought. There are two categories: voluntary manslaughter, when
death is caused in circumstances that would have amounted to murder had the act not been done under provocation, suicide pact,
excessive self-defence (defense), etc; and involuntary manslaughter, for example when death is caused by gross negligence or recklessness.



Other definitions

Felony-A serious crime (contrasted with misdemeanors and infractions, less serious crimes), usually punishable by a prison term of more than one year
Misdemeanor-A crime, less serious than a felony, punishable by no more than one year in jail.
Infraction-A minor violation of the law that is punishable only by a fine--for example, a traffic or parking ticket

conviction- A finding by a judge or jury that the defendant is guilty of a crime. 

beyond a reasonable doubt-The burden of proof that the prosecution must carry in a criminal trial to obtain a guilty verdict. Reasonable doubt is sometimes explained as being convinced "to a moral certainty

actus reus- guilty act
mens rea- guilty mind